Worms - scientifically "helminths" - are parasites in the human body. 200 species of human parasites are known. They have their own structure, symptoms, and method of penetration into the body. Parasites are divided into bio-, geo-, contact helminths.
Source classification:
- Biohelminths. They represent "host" variable parasites. From insects, mollusks, bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworms - cattle, pork, echinococcus.
- Geohelminths. Combine the worms with a single "host". Roundworms, whipworms, nekator - the most popular worms.
- Contact with helminths. The difference between contact helminths in ease of infection with the use of sick substances. Pinworms are a bright representative, a common type of helminths.
Common types of helminths in humans
Treatment of helminthiasis involves knowing the types of human worms. The color of the worms is from white to red, brown. There are transparent worms - difficult to diagnose.
Roundworms
Roundworms are a type of roundworm that resembles earthworms. Representatives:
- Roundworms are parasitic worms that live in the small intestine and can grow up to 40 cm in length. The average lifespan of roundworms is 1 year. Starting from the intestines and lungs, the worms go through a long process of development as the egg turns into a larva in the soil and re-enters the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. A person is not infected with roundworms.
- Pinworms are the simplest white parasites, measuring 0, 3-1, 2 cm. They are infected by shaking hands, underwear, breathing in dust, and ascarid eggs. The lifespan of pinworms is short - a maximum of 2 months. Pinworms often appear in children.
- Trichinella is a parasite 0. 4 cm long. The source of desire is raw pork infected with larvae. Treating trichinosis is a difficult task. A human being can only be partially saved from worms. The reason is the peculiarity of their way of life. Adult Trichinella mates in the intestines and dies. Eggs from the gut enter the muscles where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a 3 cm long, round worm living in the large intestine. Helminths attach to the intestinal wall and suck blood. The lifespan of a whipworm is 5 years.
Tapeworms
Tape parasites get their name from the characteristics of the tape-like body structure. The flatworm can grow up to 20 m.
- Cow tapeworm is a large worm 10 m long, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef. If the meat contains tapeworm eggs, infection will occur.
- Pork ribbon worm resembles cattle, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pork.
- Wide tapeworm - adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can be infected with tapeworm from fish living in freshwater springs.
- Echinococcus is called the most dangerous. The ability to penetrate the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs and cats. Length - 4 cm. The occupation takes place through dirty door handles and toilet seats.
Suckers
The group got its name because it parasitizes people.
- The average length of a Siberian bird is 1 cm. The diet is stimulated by the consumption of thermally unprocessed, unsalted fish. Parasitizes the human gallbladder.
- Fasciola parasitizes the gallbladder, up to 7 cm long. The route of infection is raw water.
Methods of infection with parasites
People who do not pay attention to their hygiene and cleanliness at home can get helminthiasis. Under the blow falls "cleanliness", after the street wash your hands convulsively, fry the meat well. Infection occurs in different ways, depending on the type of helminth.
- Oral-fecal - helminth eggs enter the mouth.
- Contact - The method is common when infected with pinworms. Helminths lay eggs in the anus, cause itching, and fertilize the brushing hands. An infected person with unwashed hands puts eggs on objects, door handles, etc.
- Through water. Raw water is a habitat for the larvae of helminths (fasciola), which are dangerous to health.
- Through the soil - sand, the soil is infected with helminth eggs. It is worth watching the length of the nails, if you need to dig into the ground, wash your hands thoroughly. Eggs can be taken through unwashed foods.
You can get infected with insect bites - a very rare case.
Symptoms of helminthiasis
The first symptoms appear when helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
A sharp decrease in weight, thin appearance, body aches, pale skin and itching in the anus are clear signs of invasion.
Gastrointestinal disorders: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and flatulence, abdominal pain near the umbilicus - a sign of the presence of localized helminths in the intestines.
The appearance of rashes, brittle nails and hair is indirect, but an indication of infection. Intoxication occurs in the body of an adult child with worms, worm waste. The body usually absorbs human proteins as allergens, which cause skin rashes. Diseases such as allergic rhinitis or urticaria, bronchial asthma are helminthic symptoms.
Persistent headaches are a sign of worms. When it is not possible to diagnose, the cause of headaches is that painkillers do not help.
Decreased immunity indicates an obvious weakening of the body's immune response to helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - makes you think about the prevention of helminths. All kinds of diseases can pass through the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by diseases that have not been treated for a long time. The organ defeated by the worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnosis of helminthic infestation
Diagnosis, treatment - these should be entrusted to specialists. An infectious disease doctor who diagnoses helminthiasis will be able to draw the right conclusions. Infectious disease specialists will be able to understand and determine the cause, location of the disease and prescribe treatment.
Parasites live in the intestines, organs and tissues. Diagnosing a separate area will not help recreate the image. The affected organ, depending on the tissue, depends on the purpose of treatment.
For a complete diagnosis, it is worth a thorough examination of the body: X-rays, collection of feces, urine, sputum from the lungs for analysis, ablation, umbilical cord, vagina (for girls), blood.
With X-rays, they see the possible movement of worms in the lungs - ascaris. High levels of eosinophils in the blood indicate the presence of helminths. Stool analysis is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe treatment for worms. Sputum is taken to check for Ascaris larvae, and so on.
If there is such a case of helminths, it is worth starting treatment immediately.
Treatment
After a complete diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, treatment is prescribed - drug, folk or complex. It is realistic to treat worms. They do not recover for a long time, but it all depends on the severity of the occupation.
Pharmacy preparations
The drug is a more effective solution for helminths. After treatment for helminthiasis, the appearance of worms in humans decreases with personal hygiene.
Chemotherapy drugs are used to remove parasites from the body. Here they are the most suitable. They are involved in influencing the biostructure and bioprocesses of the parasite. By disrupting the work, paralyzing the worms, the tablets cope with the task, and the worms are excreted in the feces.
Dosage, time interval and medication are prescribed by a doctor. In this case, the worm disease will disappear.
Folk ways
Nature is different - there are many ways to heal. Fighting worms has long roots. Traditional medicine is suitable for those who have some kind of contraindications, allergic reactions to drugs.
The main set of plants, anthelmintics products: walnuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
If worms appear, the wormwood plant will help. Wormwood tincture is effective for tapeworms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds and garlic are simply eaten without additional processing. Tansy, like wormwood, is brewed and then used. These funds can be used as an anthelmintic or prophylactic agent.
After such treatment, the worms leave the body.
Prevention of helminths
If there are no signs of infection, but the possibility of appearance is frightening, it is worth preventing. The most successful drug. When it comes to self-help, you can do it without pills.
To prevent it, you need to understand where the worms start and how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food should not be forgotten. Eating dried fish or sushi, steak with blood poses a risk of infection with tapeworms.
Personal hygiene, keeping the house, pets, families clean, eating only thermally processed foods, washed vegetables, berries, fruits will save you from worm infection.